The intro summarizes that the first civilizations were really impressive and powerful but at the same time, they were fragile because they could be taken over at any moment too. The new way of civilizations was what changed the human ways forever. We would never be able to go back to the earlier ways after learning how to settle down and live in one place.
There was a long period of time where nothing changed with new civilizations. There were still Monarchs, women were still subordinate to men and there was a clear divide between the elite and everyone else. There were no new breakthroughs, they just kept living in cycles.
Empire: states, political sytems of power.
Civilizations: elements of common culture rather than a unified political system.
Persia was an empire because there was a king. I thought it was interesting when the king died and the culture was to set sacred fires and shave your head. But there was a political system in place with tax colectors, administrators, record keepers and more.
The Greeks were a bunch of city states because they were very spread out over mountains. Each city state was independent ans had frequent conflicts with neighbors sometimes ending in not joining in on the olympics. They tried to have an equality for all before the law, but it varied from city to city. Wealthy men: could vote , fight in the army and speak. Lower class men could have small farms.
Women, slaves, and foreigners had no political participation.
There was a long period of time where nothing changed with new civilizations. There were still Monarchs, women were still subordinate to men and there was a clear divide between the elite and everyone else. There were no new breakthroughs, they just kept living in cycles.
Empire: states, political sytems of power.
Civilizations: elements of common culture rather than a unified political system.
Persia was an empire because there was a king. I thought it was interesting when the king died and the culture was to set sacred fires and shave your head. But there was a political system in place with tax colectors, administrators, record keepers and more.
The Greeks were a bunch of city states because they were very spread out over mountains. Each city state was independent ans had frequent conflicts with neighbors sometimes ending in not joining in on the olympics. They tried to have an equality for all before the law, but it varied from city to city. Wealthy men: could vote , fight in the army and speak. Lower class men could have small farms.
Women, slaves, and foreigners had no political participation.
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